How does the unique edge geometry of machining cutting tools increase cutting speed?
Publish Time: 2024-12-24
The edge geometry of machining cutting tools plays a vital role in increasing cutting speed.Basic elements of edge geometry:Rake angle: The rake angle is the angle between the rake face of the tool and the plane perpendicular to the cutting direction. A larger rake angle can reduce cutting force, reduce cutting temperature, and thus increase cutting speed. However, too large a rake angle may reduce tool strength and easily cause chipping.Back angle: The back angle is the angle between the back face of the tool and the cutting surface. An appropriate back angle can reduce friction between the tool and the workpiece, reduce cutting temperature, and help increase cutting speed.Main rake angle: The main rake angle is the angle between the main cutting edge and the feed direction. A reasonable main rake angle can optimize chip formation and discharge, reduce cutting resistance, and thus increase cutting speed.Secondary rake angle: The secondary rake angle is the angle between the secondary cutting edge and the feed direction. An appropriate secondary rake angle can improve the chip removal performance of the tool, reduce vibration during cutting, and help increase cutting speed.Rake Angle: Rake Angle is the angle between the main cutting edge and the bottom surface of the tool. The change of rake angle can affect the flow direction of chips and the strength of the tool. Reasonable rake angle design can increase cutting speed and tool life.The influence of cutting edge geometry on cutting speed:Reduce cutting force: By optimizing the rake angle and the main rake angle, the cutting force during cutting can be reduced. Smaller cutting force means less friction between the tool and the workpiece, which reduces the cutting temperature and energy consumption, allowing the cutting speed to be increased.Improve chip formation and discharge: Reasonable cutting edge geometry can optimize the formation and discharge path of chips, reduce the possibility of chip blockage and secondary cutting. This not only improves cutting efficiency, but also reduces tool wear, thereby supporting higher cutting speeds.Improve tool strength and stability: By adjusting the rake angle and the secondary rake angle, the structural strength and stability of the tool can be enhanced, and vibration and deformation during cutting can be reduced. This makes it possible to increase cutting speeds, because higher cutting speeds are usually accompanied by greater cutting forces and higher vibration risks.The cutting edge geometry of machining cutting tools significantly improves cutting speed by optimizing cutting force, improving chip formation and discharge, and increasing tool strength and stability. In practical applications, it is necessary to select and design the most suitable cutting edge geometry according to the specific workpiece material, cutting conditions and tool material to achieve the best cutting effect.
