In the design and application of stamping die, the optimization of the gap has a very significant impact on the quality of stamping parts and the life of the die.
First of all, the cross-sectional quality of stamping parts is closely related to the die gap. When the gap is appropriate, the cross section of the stamping parts will be smooth and clean, with no obvious tears or burrs. For example, when punching thin plate materials, a reasonable gap can make the materials separate smoothly during the punching process, and the cross section presents a smoother state, which meets the appearance and dimensional accuracy requirements of high-quality stamping parts. If the gap is too small, the material will be subjected to excessive extrusion and friction during punching, and the cross section is prone to secondary shearing, forming rough bright bands and large burrs; if the gap is too large, the material will be Tensile deformation occurs, and obvious tear bands appear on the cross section, seriously affecting the quality of stamped parts.
Secondly, the stamping die gap plays a decisive role in the dimensional accuracy of stamping parts. Appropriate clearance can ensure that the dimensional deviation of stamping parts is controlled within a very small range. During the blanking process, the die gap affects the deformation degree and rebound amount of the material. Reasonable gap optimization can effectively control the rebound of the material after punching, thereby ensuring that the size of the stamped parts meets the design standards. If the gap is unreasonable, the stamped parts may be too large or too small, and cannot meet the requirements of precision assembly and other uses.
Furthermore, mold wear and clearance are closely linked. A smaller gap will cause the mold cutting edge to bear greater pressure and friction during the stamping process, accelerating the wear of the cutting edge. Because the material is difficult to separate smoothly when the gap is too small, the cutting edge needs to constantly overcome greater resistance, causing the surface material to gradually fall off, reducing the sharpness and service life of the mold. On the contrary, although an excessive gap can reduce the cutting edge pressure, it will cause severe friction between the side of the mold and the stamping parts, which will also cause increased wear of the mold and affect the long-term stable use of the mold.
From the perspective of the fatigue life of the stamping die, gap optimization cannot be ignored. A reasonable gap can make the mold receive uniform force during the stamping process and reduce stress concentration. When the gap is inappropriate, during repeated stamping operations of the mold, local areas will produce higher stress peaks due to uneven stress, which can easily lead to the generation and expansion of fatigue cracks, ultimately leading to premature failure of the mold.
In addition, the flatness of stamping parts is also affected by the die gap. If the gap is too large, the stamping parts will easily warp and deform due to uneven stress during the demoulding process; if the gap is too small, uneven stress distribution within the material may also lead to a decrease in the flatness of the stamping parts.
At the same time, stamping materials of different materials and thicknesses have different requirements for mold clearance. For example, harder materials require relatively larger gaps to facilitate punching, while thinner materials require higher gap accuracy and need to be accurately adjusted to ensure stamping quality and die life.
The optimization of stamping die clearance is a complex but crucial link, which is directly related to the quality of stamping parts and the service life of the mold. It requires great attention and fine control during the mold design and production process.
